Browsing by Author "Delhoum, Djura"

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    Caractérisation préliminaire de biosurfactant(s) secrété(s) par Pseudomonas sp. et évaluation de deux effets : antibactérien et stimulateur de croissance.
    (Université Mouloud Mammeri, 2016-09-25) Delhoum, Djura
    Les biosurfactants sont des molécules amphiphiles constituées d’une partie hydrophile polaire et d’une partie hydrophobe non polaire. Généralement, le groupement hydrophile polaire est constitué d’acides aminés, peptides ou de polysaccharides (mono ou di) ; le groupement hydrophobe est constitué d’acides gras saturés ou non saturés. L’objectif de notre étude est la caractérisation préliminaire de biosurfactant(s) secrété(s) par Pseudomonas sp. et l’évaluation de deux effets (l’effet antibactérien et l’effet stimulateur de croissance). La souche étudiée a été cultivée sur milieu moût de dattes pendant cinq jours, durant lesquels les cinétiques de croissance et de production de biosurfactant ont été suivies. Après l’extraction du biosurfactant du milieu de culture, plusieurs tests ont été réalisés afin de caractériser ce dernier. La caractérisation structurale par Infra rouge à Transformée de Fourier a indiquée que le biosurfactant obtenu peut appartenir à la classe des rhamnolipides de nature glycolipidique.
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    THE USE OF NEW LOW-COST SUBSTRATES FOR BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION
    (2019-09-18) Salah-Tazdaït, Rym; Tazdaït, Djaber; Delhoum, Djura; Mouffok, Samia; Kabouche, Fatma; Keddou, Imene; Abdi, Nadia; Grib, Hocine; Mameri, Nabil
    In literature, several carbon sources were used for biosurfactant production. Most of these studies are focused on the use of conventional carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, pyruvate, citrate, etc., but there are very few reports on biosurfactants production using inexpensive raw materials as substrates (complex carbon or nitrogen sources) which can considerably reduce production costs in most biotechnological processes.To the best of our knowledge, no data are available on the use of animal by-products as a sole source of nutrient for biosurfactant production. In this study, biosurfactant production by a pure bacterial culture was studied using an agro-industrial waste: prickly pear fruits of (Opuntia ficus-indica) peels, and two animal by-products: sardine (Sardina pilchardus) heads and chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) feet, since they are discarded as a waste.The fuel-contaminated soil samples used for isolation of microbial strains were collected in five different locations at a gas station located in Boumerdès, Algeria. The bacterial strains capable of producing biosurfactants was isolated by selective enrichment culture technique, which promotes the growth of microorganisms containing in the soil sample by providing them the essential nutrients. To demonstrate the ability of strains to produce biosurfactants, different tests were carried out : test of the emulsification index E24, test of the blood agar, test of the drop collapse and test of spreading of the hydrophobic phase. The results showed that prickly pear peels medium yielded the highest biosurfactant production, and gave the highest E24 and cleaning activity values, while chicken feet gave the highest foaming activity. However, extensive research is needed to establish the suitability of these two low-cost substrates in industrial-level biosurfactant production process.